Internal-combustion engine.



P. D. JOHNSTON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIGATIOK FILED AUG. 17, 1906.

Paten ted Dec. 1, 1908.

2 SHBBTS-SHEET 1.

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1 Witnesses 1 M fl a Inventbr' 7n: IOIIII rzrnls cm, husumcrou, n. c.

P. D. JOHNSTON. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1908. 905,434, Patented Dec. 1,1908. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses I THE NONI! PETERS Cm, WISNINGTON, D C

UNITED STATES PATENT oFmoE.

PHILIP DEVEREUX JOHNSTON, OF GOLD SPRING, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR AMERICAN OIL ENGINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP Dnvnnun'x Jonrzsrox, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cold Spring, Putnam county, State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates particularly to the frame of internal combustion and other engines, by means of which the parts are rendered more accessible, and better lubrication is secured.

Further objects will appear from the following specification.

One means of carrying out my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an end elevation and half section, the section being taken through one of the cylinders; Fig. 2 is an end elevation taken from the end opposite to that from which Fig. 1 is taken, and showing one of the half standards removed; F ig.3 is an end view of the removed half standard; Fig. 4 is a side view of the oil shield; and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the frame of one cylinder, showing the oil shield in position.

In all the views like parts are designated by the same reference characters.

The engine which constitutes the illustrated and described emobdiment has three vertical cylinders, a horizontal shaft with three cranks, separate admission and exhaust valves, the exhaustvalves being operated from one shaft and the admission valves from a second shaft, separate mixing chambers for each cylinder, and means for introducing the mixture in each cylinder.

The engine, as shown, comprises a base 1 of rectangular shape, having a horizontal side ledge 2, to which are bolted the half standards 3 for supporting the cylinders 1. The base 1 carries the shaft bearing boxes 5, within which is mounted'the main shaft 6 carrying the cranks 7 The half standards 3, as shown in Fig. 1, are bolted to a flange 8 on the cylinder, and each pair of half standards for each cylinder, is secured to gether by the bolts 9. By withdrawing the nuts from these bolts 9 and removing the base bolts and cylinder connecting bolts, the half standards can be drawn out in a horizontal direction, as shown in Fig. 3, rendering the crank shaft, cranks and cylinders accessible for examination and repair, and

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 17, 1906.

Patented Dec. 1, 1908.

Serial No. 330,971.

without changing the adjustment of any part. These half standards 3 carry bearings 10 and 11 for the shafts 12 and 13, which actuate cams for lifting the exhaust and admission valves respectively.

The half standards 3 are of general box shape, as shown in Fig. 7, so as to inclose the path of the cranks. The sides of each pair of half standards are connected together by the shield 14, so that a completely inclosed compartment is formed for each crank. Each shield has a notch, as shown in Fig. A, for inclosing the crank shaft, so that it may be removed without disturbing the crank or any of the connections of the engine. By the construction described, each crank will turn within a separate oiltight chamber, and the splashing of lubricating oil will be pre vented.

The connecting rods 15, piston 16 and cylinder-head 17 are of the usual construction and need no description.

Each cylinder is provided with an admis sion valve not shown and an exhaust valve 19 (see Fig. 1). The admission valve is on one side of the cylinder and the exhaust valve on the. other, and each is actuated by a separate shaft. The construction renders the valve mechanism very accessible. The valves are substantially alike except as to size. A description of one will be a descrip tion of the other.

As shown in Fig. 1, the valve is mounted upon a stem 20 which is mounted within a bearing in the valve chamber and passes through a guide and cushioning cylinder, the object of which is to prevent the slamming of the valves when seating. The end of the stem is adjustably secured to a block 21, which may vertically slide within a box 22 connected to the bearing 10 or 11 of the shaft 12 or 13. The lower end of the block 21 is provided with a roller, which engages with a cam 23 mounted upon the shaft 12 or 13. A pin 24 prevents rotation of the block 21. A spring 25 insures the seating of the valve.

The shafts 12 and 13 carry bevel gears 26 at one extremity, which are engaged by bevel pinions 27 carried by the vertical shafts "28. But one shaft is shown; the other is similar. These shafts carry near their lower ends bevel gears which engage with other bevel gears 30 which are turned by the spur gears 31. These spur gears mesh with the spur gear 32 carried by the crank shaft 6.

The proportion of gears is such that the shafts l2 and 13 Will turn at half the speed of the crank shaft 6, so that the valves will be actuated at every other stroke of the engine, as is necessary.

The invention may be modified in a number of Ways, for instance it may be used in connection With an engine employing a greater or less number of cylinders than those shown, and may be used With a 2-cycle engine as Well as one of the l-cyole type.

The valve mechanism illustrated is not claimed herein but forms the subject matter of an application for patent filed by me May 17, 1907, Serial No. 374,267.

Having thus described my invention, What I desire to claim as new and secure by Letters Patent is: g

1. An internal combustion engine, having a base and a cylinder, the said cylinder being supported upon the base by pairs of half standards, said half standards being removably secured together, so that a half standard may be removed Without changing the adjustment of any part supported by the base or cylinder.

2. An internal combustion engine, having a base, a cylinder and a crank-shaft, the said. cylinder being supported upon the base by half standards, the said half standards being of general box-shape so as to inclose the path of the cranks.

3. An internal combustion engine having a base, a cylinder, a crankshaft and half standards supporting the cylinder upon the base, the said half standards being of general box-shape, and the sides of each pair of half standards being connected together by a shield so that a completely inclosed compartment is formed for each crank.

This specification signed and witnessed this 14th day of August, 1906.

PHILIP DEVEREUX JOHNSTON. Vitnesses LEONARD H. DYER, J OHN L. LOTSCH. 

